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Anarchie, Christentum und die prophetische Phantasie 6

Geschrieben durch Jason Barr: 24. November 2007

In diesem Punkt haben wir uns einige einleitende Fragen über die Naturen des Reiches und des Widerstandes engagiert. Jetzt ist es Zeit die, Grundlagen der Anarchie, beginnend mit einer Widerlegung einiger allgemeiner Mißverständnisse über Anarchie als politische Philosophie (ich sollte hier merken, daß ich, „neige Anarchie“ als Beziehen auf politische Anarchie zu verwenden, obwohl mein Verbrauch nicht immer gleichbleibend ist) zu erforschen anzufangen. Anarchie als politische Philosophie wird häufig mit einem generalisierten Begriff der Bedeutung „der Anarchie“ verwirrt. Veranschlagen Jesus Radikale:

Gerecht wie das Wort „Christentum“ selbst, die Wörter „Anarchie,“ „Anarchie“ und „Anarchist“ sind mißbrauchte Bezeichnungen. Sie werden so häufig von den Mitteln, von den Zustandhistorikern und von den Regierungsbeamten mißbraucht, das, durch keine Störung von ihren Selbst, die durchschnittliche Person auf der Straße nur an Chaos, Terroristen und gelegentliche Gewalttätigkeit denkt, wenn der Bezeichnung Anarchist oben kommt.

Das erste Hauptmißverständnis ist, daß Anarchie über Chaos oder Störung ist. Tatsächlich ist Anarchie nicht eine Politik der Störung - durchaus das Entgegengesetzte, wirklich. Pierre-Joseph, den Proudhon, der die erste Person gewesen sein kann, zum des Bezeichnung „Anarchist“ Selbst-referentially zu verwenden, für seine Aussage, „Anarchie berühmt ist, ist Auftrag“. Er sagte, „Freiheit ist die Mutter, nicht die Tochter, vom Auftrag.“ Proudhon glaubte, daß, wenn Leute von den externen tyrannies freigegeben werden konnten, die sie für selbst eine Struktur verursachen würden, in der leben Leben, das, auf dem Ganzen sein würde, freier, gerechter und als bestellt, das, das durch das Bündnis der Regierung, der ökonomischen Energie und der Militär- und Polizeigewalttätigkeit auferlegt wurde. Or, as David Layson put it, “Anarchy is not chaos, but order without control.”

Anarchism is not about disorder and chaos, it is about creating a different kind of order. Catholic Worker co-founder and anarchist Peter Maurin often described the goal of the movement as to create a society where it is easier for people to be good. This is a far cry from the common picture of anarchy as chaos that would inevitably be characterized by lawlessness and vigilante action, a dog-eat-dog world where strong prey on the weak. Anarchism is about as far as that as you can get, as we will see when we get more into what it is.

The second major misconception is that anarchism and anarchists are violent. The truth is that anarchism is fundamentally a critique of violence. It is true that some anarchists have used violent means to further their goals. It is also true that anarchists have often been confused with nihilists – there were groups of nihilists in Europe, particularly Russia in the late 19th and early 20th century who made a conscious tactical decision to assassinate as many people in positions of power as possible, hoping to create an attitude of fear among those who would be leaders and so eventually persuade them through fear of violence to leave those positions of power vacant. The relationship between nihilism and anarchism is complex, but on the whole anarchism is more critical than utilizing of violence and anarchists generally desire to create a more peaceful world.

It should also be noted that the destruction of property is often included in official reports as “acts of violence”, but there is a real debate that is going on, and has been going on for some time, about whether destruction of property should be considered an act of violence. Some would argue that it is, or at least can be, fundamentally an act of liberation. Anarchists tend to value human beings over property, and many feel that the modern nation-state, historically based as it is on Lockian philosophy that emphasized the state as an alliance between property owners for their mutual benefit, elevates property above humanity. This is not to necessarily endorse the destruction of property in all or even any circumstances, but rather to illustrate that there is actually a viable debate about property destruction as it relates to the concept of violence, and so it is disingenuous to automatically and unquestioningly point to property destruction as “acts of violence”.
Next time I shall begin to explore more of the nature of anarchism itself, beginning to discuss what anarchism is, rather than what it is not.

for further reading . . .

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Comments

4 Responses to “Anarchism, Christianity, and the Prophetic Imagination 6”

  1. Dustin on November 24th, 2007 9:29 am

    Jason,

    As I have had the opportunity to read your thoughts before over at Jesus Radicals, I wanted to say that I appreciate this particular series. As someone who is “flirting” with anarchism (with a Christian flavor), I must say that this post, above other things I have read, has begun to help me simplify and order what I really think. I look forward to your future posts.

  2. forrest on November 24th, 2007 2:37 pm

    I really recommend Ursual LeGuin’s _The Dispossessed_ as a ‘thought-experiment’ on how an anarchic polity might function in actual practice, as contrasted with how governments and our owners run things. Not a state of perfection, nor an easy thing to achieve, but we’ve tried the alternatives! (which may well have brought us to being about to undergo fascism next, if I’m reading the signs of these peculiar times aright!)

  3. Mark Dixon on December 1st, 2007 12:17 pm

    Thank you for this series, Jason. As one who is also exploring these concepts I appreciate your cogent thoughts. I agree that ‘anarchist’ is a much-maligned word; even among intelligent, well-read Americans it instantly conjures up thoughts of Sacco and Vanzetti.

    I read your recent article on this subject at Absolution Revolution as well. I want very much to believe your claim that the current Republican fascisti do not represent all Republicans, but I keep coming back to the fact that Republicans intrinsically support the notion of order achieved through power and control, which, whether they comprehend it or not, leads inevitably to fascism or something very much like it.

  4. Jason Barr on December 3rd, 2007 2:35 pm

    And Sacco and Vanzetti were, according to some fairly reliable accounts (or at least accounts that must be considered for a full historical overview) railroaded.

    I am not sure that the Republican bent towards fascism is really significantly different from the Democrats’, if you want to get into “slippery slope” style arguments. I think the basic tendency of government, regardless of party, is towards authoritarianism. But I do think there’s a real difference between neoconservatives and Moral Majority-types and what I might call “true conservatives” who are often more like libertarians in their actual beliefs - limited government, fiscally conservative, and a number of “true conservatives” do not favor the kind of overseas interventions we’ve been undertaking for over a century. There’s a very real historical anti-imperialist faction in the Republican party that has unfortunately been pretty effectively covered up for the last 60 or so years. That’s the kind of “non-fascist Republican” I’m thinking of.

    Since I tend to think modern modes of government are pretty much inherently violent and totalizing I tend to see both major parties as leading to some kind of authoritarian rule - I used to say it was a matter of the Fascist Right versus the Totalitarian Left, but now I’m not so sure both parties aren’t right-bending in terms of their practical politics.

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